Linnaean Classification System (Scientific Names)

In 1735, Carl Linnaeus published his Systema Naturae, which contained his taxonomy for organizing the natural world. Linneaus proposed three kingdoms, which were divided into classes. From classes, the groups were further divided into orders, families, genera (singular: genus), and species. An additional rank beneath species distinguished between highly similar organisms. While his system of classifying minerals has been discarded, a modified version of the Linnaean classification system is still used to identify and categorize animals and plants. Why Is the Linnaean System Important? The Linnaean system is important because it led to the use of binomial nomenclature to identify each species. Once the system was adopted, scientists could communicate without the use of misleading common names. A human being became a member of Homo sapiens, no matter what language a person spoke. How to Write a Genus Species Name A Linnaean name or scientific name has two parts (i.e., is binomial). First is the genus name, which is capitalized, followed by the species name, which is written in lowercase letters. In print, a genus and species name is italicized. For example, the scientific name for the house cat is Felis catus. After the first use of a full name, the genus name is abbreviated using only the first letter of the genus (e.g., F. catus). Be aware, there are actually two Linnaean names for many organisms. There is the original name given by Linnaeaus and the accepted scientific name (often different). Alternatives to Linnaean Taxonomy While the genus and species names of Linneaus rank-based classification system are used, cladististic systematics is increasingly popular. Cladistics categorizes organisms based on traits that can be traced to the most recent common ancestor. Essentially, its classification based on similar genetics. Original Linnaean Classification System When identifying an object, Linnaeus first looked at whether it was animal, vegetable, or mineral. These three categories were the original domains. Domains were divided into kingdoms, which were broken into phyla (singular: phylum) for animals and divisions for plants and fungi. Phyla or divisions were broken into classes, which in turn were divided into orders, families, genera (singular: genus), and species. Species in v were divided into subspecies. In botany, species were divided into varietas (singular: variety) and forma (singular: form). According to the 1758 version (10th edition) of the Imperium Naturae, the classification system was: Animals Classis 1: Mammalia (mammals)Classis 2: Aves (birds)Classis 3: Amphibia (amphibians)Classis 4: Pisces (fish)Classis 5: Insecta (insects)Classis 6: Vermes (worms) Plants Classis 1. Monandria: flowers with 1 stamenClassis 2. Diandria: flowers with 2 stamensClassis 3. Triandria: flowers with 3 stamensClassis 4. Tetrandria: flowers with 4 stamensClassis 5. Pentandria: flowers with 5 stamensClassis 6. Hexandria: flowers with 6 stamensClassis 7. Heptandria: flowers with 7 stamensClassis 8. Octandria: flowers with 8 stamensClassis 9. Enneandria: flowers with 9 stamensClassis 10. Decandria: flowers with 10 stamensClassis 11. Dodecandria: flowers with 12 stamensClassis 12. Icosandria: flowers with 20 (or more) stamensClassis 13. Polyandria: flowers with many stamensClassis 14. Didynamia: flowers with 4 stamens, 2 long and 2 shortClassis 15. Tetradynamia: flowers with 6 stamens, 4 long and 2 shortClassis 16. Monadelphia; flowers with the anthers separate, but the filaments united at the baseClassis 17. Diadelphia; flowers with the stamens united in two groupsClassis 18. Polyadelphia; flowers with the stamens united in several groupsClassis 19. Syngenesia; flo wers with 5 stamens having anthers united at the edgesClassis 20. Gynandria; flowers having stamens united to the pistilsClassis 21. Monoecia: monoecious plantsClassis 22. Dioecia: dioecious plantsClassis 23. Polygamia: polygamodioecious plantsClassis 24. Cryptogamia: organisms that resemble plants but dont have flowers, which included fungi, algae, ferns, and bryophytes Minerals Classis 1. Petrà ¦ (rocks)Classis 2. Minerà ¦ (minerals)Classis 3. Fossilia (fossils)Classis 4. Vitamentra (possibly meant minerals with nutritional value or some vital essence) The mineral taxonomy is no longer in use. The ranking for plants has changed, since Linnaeus based his classes on the number of stamens and pistils of a plant. The animal classification is similar to the one in use today. For example, the modern scientific classification of the house cat is kingdom Animalia, phylum Chordata, class Mammalia, order Carnivora, family Felidae, subfamily Felinae, genus Felis, species catus. Fun Fact About the Taxonomy Many people assume Linnaeus invented ranking taxonomy. In actuality, the Linnaean system is simply his version of ordering. The system actually dates back to Plato and Aristotle. Reference Linnaeus, C. (1753). Species Plantarum. Stockholm: Laurentii Salvii. Retrieved 18 April 2015.

Change Management in Healthcare - 10479 Words

The Health Care Manager Volume 27, Number 1, pp. 23–39 Copyright # 2008 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams Wilkins Change Management in Health Care Robert James Campbell, EdD This article introduces health care managers to the theories and philosophies of John Kotter and William Bridges, 2 leaders in the evolving field of change management. For Kotter, change has both an emotional and situational component, and methods for managing each are expressed in his 8-step model (developing urgency, building a guiding team, creating a vision, communicating for buy-in, enabling action, creating short-term wins, don’t let up, and making it stick). Bridges deals with change at a more granular, individual level, suggesting that†¦show more content†¦A second major idea centers on the mindset that a health care manager must adopt before setting out on a change initiative. Kotter identifies the ‘‘analysis-thinkchange’’ mindset as the traditional method used by managers to initiate change. At this level, the focus is on cognition and rational thought, by presenting individuals with information in the form of reports, PowerPoint presentations, and Excel spreadsheets, which form the basis of analysis. This leads individuals to change their thinking and, ultimately, their behavior. For Kotter, this mindset rarely uncovers the ‘‘big truths’’1(p12) about why change is necessary. Employees do not need 200-page reports to show them why paper patient documentation hinders physician decision making and generates increased risk of medical errors. Moreover, ‘‘analytical tools work best when parameters are known, assumptions are minimal, and the future is not as fuzzy.’’1(p12) Finally, according to Kotter, analysis rarely changes how people think, and it does not ‘‘send people running out the door to act in significantly new ways?’’1(p13) To drive home this point home, when employees are motivated, it is something that they feel in their hearts and not in their heads that impel them into action. To instill a feeling of action in employees’ hearts, Kotter recommends that a manager adopt a ‘‘see-feel-change’’ approach. Using thisShow MoreRelatedOrganizational Change and Healthcare Management Essay979 Words   |  4 Pagesand reduce over-head costs. Health care organizations in their effort to become more efficient and address changes in the industry have altered their strategic business plans. Lee Alexander (1999) researched organizational change in hospitals and their survival, in this paper I hope to discuss their findings and add other examples to validate their conclusions. Core and Peripheral Changes with Regard to Hospital Re-organization Found in the organizational structure and studied in hospital re-organizationRead MoreThe Goal Within Healthcare : Effective And Successful Production And Management Of Positive Change Essay1666 Words   |  7 PagesEvery day we experience change in some form or another. Change is a constant in our lives. The fast-paced nature of change is often linked to technology and innovation (Dawson Andriopoulos, 2014). The goal within healthcare is for leaders to use technology and innovation in a way that allows for efficient and successful production and management of positive change. Set the Stage Our team chose case scenario #9 regarding the readmission of elderly patients to the hospital within thirty daysRead MoreEffective Management Of Organizational Standards Of Practice Essay1748 Words   |  7 PagesLeadership in healthcare requires navigation, skill, and adaptability within the ever changing healthcare delivery system. Seven central leadership issues have been investigated for effective management of organizational standards of practice, in a two part case study. The following is part 1 of the leadership case study addressing: leadership and current healthcare environment, leadership and patient outcomes, and leadership and change management. Information for the case study was gathered by aRead MoreBenefits Of A Healthcare Manager887 Words   |  4 Pagesis a necessity in the healthcare employment field. By overseeing healthcare service delivery they are able to improve and help in providing appropriate patient care. They plan, direct, and coordinate medical and heal th services making them an important asset to the healthcare field in general. However, just like any other job position, there are pros and cons to being a healthcare manager. But with the responsibility over facilities, services, staff, and budgets, a healthcare manager tremendouslyRead MoreRisk Management Program For New Employees1144 Words   |  5 PagesThe risk management program in any business, especially in a health care organization is an integral part of its day to day operation. The purpose of the risk management department is summed up by Kavaler Alexander (2014), â€Å"†¦a program designed to reduce the incidence of preventable accidents and injuries to minimize the financial loss to the institution should any accident or injury occur† (p. 5). Protecting employees, patients, vendors and visitors is an ongoing process and one that needs toRead MoreOperations Management Definition1014 Words   |  5 PagesOperations Management Definition Introduction In today s fast-paced ever-changing business world, organizations must deal with many diverse issues. These issues range from maintaining their competitive edge in a fierce marketplace to social, ethical and concerns regarding the health and well being of their employees. The advent of new technologies has created organizational efficiencies however; it is a well-known fact that healthcare has lagged behind other industries with regard toRead MoreHealthcare Risk Management ( Hrm )1216 Words   |  5 Pages Healthcare risk management ( HRM) began in The late 1970s, when hospitals are facing a malpractice crisis (Kavaler Alexander, 2014). According to Kavaler and Alexander (2014), it is estimated more than 140,000 Americans die from medical errors and the cost ranges between $17 billion and $29 billion each year in the United States (Kavaler Alexander, 2014). In this essay, the student will explain a healthcare risk management program, evaluate the program for compliance with the American SocietyRead MoreThe Healthcare Financial Executives Encounter Challenges For The Health Care Industry1622 Words   |  7 PagesAssignment 7 Introduction The healthcare financial executives encounter numerous challenges for their day-to-day operations. Consequently, the health care industry is a highly competitive market and the access to capital is limited, which increases the stakes and the importance of strategic planning (Sussman, Grube, Samaris, 2009). In addition, there was a variety of financial conditions for the health care industry in 2007 and 2012. Overall, the health care costs tend to consume a significantRead MoreThe Field Of Healthcare : An Context And Confines Of Any Health Care Institution1507 Words   |  7 PagesThe field of healthcare is vast and complex, and every new change in policy, technology, or economy, can impact how the whole system of healthcare in the United States performs; and as much as any particular . But there are, I think, a few universal principles to consider, given the context and confines of any health care institution. Those principles would be, of course, the principles of: financial m anagement, organizational dynamics and governance, strategic planning and marketing, along withRead MoreSupply Chain Management And Healthcare Industry1745 Words   |  7 PagesSupply Chain Management –For Healthcare Industry Introduction: Economic downturn in Healthcare sector has given renewed importance to supply chain management in healthcare industry. Supply chain management has great effects on hospital organizations. On papers Supply chain accounts for 30 to 40% in healthcare industry but that is only if we consider just the cost of goods under the supply chain , instead if we look at factors like cost of inventory , cost of procuring and other costs associated

Globalize Human Resource Management Rutledgeâ€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Globalize Human Resource Management Rutledge? Answer: Introduction Human resource management is the key player which affects the growth of the company in the global market. It is also responsible for keeping a positive image of the company in front of visitors. It is the duty of the HR manager to maximize the performance of employees and keep them interested in the activities of the business. Without adequate human resource measure, an organization cannot successfully carry on their business transaction, ultimately due to which they will face dissatisfaction among employees in the management (Armstrong, Taylor, 2014). Talking about the company Uber, it is an identified innovative company present in the global market. Uber calls it customer Uber partners which initiates the job seekers join the company due to fancy titles. Nut it is the inefficiency of the human resource department that they are unable to stand up to the expectations of the employees of the company. Further, the business report discusses are about the new article about Uber employee issues and human resource theories which the company shall adopt in order to understand the case. Further, it also includes recommendations to the company with the aid of which they can again attain the former position in the target. Further details of the task are discussed below. Discussion about the news story The news story discusses the case in which Uber is settling unfair dismissal cases. The core of the news article is that the company is breaching the rights of the employees (drivers) of the company by regarding them as only drivers, not the actual employees of the further. Further to elaborate the case it shall be said that the AFR reported that the company is not accepting that the drivers who are working for them are the employees of the company (Thijssens, Bollen, Hassink, 2015). It further states that the Rideshare Drivers Association of Australia filed a claim against the company that Uber is practicing unethical activities which are harnessing the interest of the drivers who are associated with the activities of the company. The case was submitted to the fair work commission for the avoidance of contractor relationship with the company. In this case, it shall be noticed that the company smartly played a trick by calling their divers partners not the employee of the company (C ollings, 2014). With this effect, they secured themselves from the liability of calling drivers employees, and they initiated a contractual relationship with the drivers of the company. This will assist the company to deactivate the contracts with the drivers if any unlikable case is faced by the company. Due to this method job security risk is always maintained with the drivers associated with the company (Stone, Deadrick, 2015). In relation to the HR policies, the company is working unethically with the drivers. It is the corporate social responsibility of every organization to safeguard the interest of the stakeholders of the company and not defraud them. Considering the above-mentioned case, Uber is keeping its stakeholder at risk by not providing them approval that they are employees of the company. It is known that drivers are employees of the company and they have right to know the amendments in the activities of the company. But with the effect of contractual relationship with the driver, the company can anytime deactivate the term period of the employees without giving prior notice. This act of Uber is financial. Following to the CSR policy, another theory which relates to the issue is that employee engagement policy refers to the relationship of the employees with the organization (Cook, 2016). An engaged employee is the person who is fully absorbed by the company and has faith in the activities of t he company. Further, this relationship states that the employees of the company shall always be satisfied with the working environment of the company (Sparrow, Brewster, Chung, 2016). The theory also states that this relationship results in the positive growth of the company positive attitude of employee will lead to increase in their efficiency leading them to work more. Talking about the Uber case, the company disrespected the policy as they did not perform functions according to it. Uber denied calling the drivers' employees of the company. The process of employee engagement requires the attention of the human resource manager of the company, to which the Uber HR manager was unable to perform (Bardoel, et. al., 2014). It is the duty of the HR manager to safeguard the interest of its employees and look for their issue and solve them, but the Uber manager acted opposite to the situation as they ignore the voice of the employees of the company and safeguard the interest of the company Uber. The theory also states that a commitment shall be made by the part of the management to the human resource of the company which shall contribute to organizational objective alo ng personal objective (Armstrong, Taylor, 2014). So, according to the theory of employee engagement, the HR manager did not fulfill their obligation which in return affected the growth of the company and also this event negatively affected the image of the company Uber in the global market (Yoo, 2017). Human Resource issues in Uber In context to the news article on the issues faced by the Uber company, the fact that shall be taken into account is that the acts which company performed in their management were wrong due to which the company had to face the following issues in their business process. Further, the problems of Uber Company are discussed below: The initial and foremost important HR issue faced by the company is the inefficiency of HR manager to keep the interest of drivers aligned with the core activity of the business. Irrespective of the share of the drivers in deciding business rules, the company initiated contractor relationship with them. This act of the company disregarded the right of drivers (Hoque, 2013). Another human resource issues faced by the company is that there is a low degree of employee retention in the company. The employees keep on switching their jobs from the company Uber. The working environment and the culture of Uber are not fit for the people to stay for a longer period of time as the company is unable to motivate their employees to stay for a longer period of time (Stone, 2013). Even the company focused on new recruitments and forgets the interest of people already hired. The company lacks the employee engagement process due to which they are facing such issues in their management (Sderberg, Krishna, Bjrn, 2013). The company Uber does not call their drivers as a part of the company, which means they initiate a relationship with the employees on the basis of the contract and do not treat them as employees of the company. Due to this process, the drivers are unable to hold their rights in the working of the company. Implementation of such activity in the business process is the corporate social responsibility of the company. In order to attain a sustainable growth, most importantly the manager needs to keep the assets (employees) of the company intact then only they can earn competitive advantage in the global market (Breevaart, et., 2014). Lastly, the company does not pay to employees adequately due to which dissatisfaction occurs in their attitude. According to Herzbergs theory of motivation, in order to attain safety, the employees need job security along with optimum pay to keep them motivated towards the target (Stone, n.d.). Conclusion Thus, in the limelight of above mentioned events, the act that shall be stated is that the company Uber has several issues in its human resource management system, apart from which the company is acting ethical wrong with the drivers of the organization. Thus, the report provides issue and recommendation to the company regarding the managerial issues. Recommendations for the company The following are the few recommendation with the use of which the company can initiate adequate human resource management techniques in their management system. The HR manager shall personally look after the case, and analyze the defaulter, even if the company is at fault, they shall amend the measure to safeguard the interest of drivers of the company (Alfes, et. al., 2013). The contractor relationship shall be put to an end so that no rights of the drivers are breached. Apart from that, the drivers shall also be called as the employee of the company as they serve to the core activity of the business. The top management of the company shall circulate their response to the public in favor of the interest of the employees so that their image is maintained. Keeping in mind the employee engagement theory the management shall activities which adequately maintain a good employer-employee relationship in the internal process of the company (Saks, Gruman, 2014). The company shall create laws fulfill their corporate social responsibility against the society. Also keeping in mind the stakeholder theory, the company shall work to provide maximum benefits to the stakeholder so the company, not only personal goals shall be satisfied but all stakeholders shall gain benefit with the growth of the company. Incentive scheme shall be initiated in the management of the company for efficient employees (Cho, et. al., 2015). References Alfes, K., Shantz, A. D., Truss, C., Soane, E. C. (2013). The link between perceived human resource management practices, engagement and employee behaviour: a moderated mediation model. The international journal of human resource management, 24(2), 330-351. Armstrong, M., Taylor, S. (2014). Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Armstrong, M., Taylor, S. (2014). Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Bardoel, E. A., Pettit, T. M., De Cieri, H., McMillan, L. (2014). Employee resilience: an emerging challenge for HRM. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 52(3), 279-297. Breevaart, K., Bakker, A., Hetland, J., Demerouti, E., Olsen, O. K., Espevik, R. (2014). Daily transactional and transformational leadership and daily employee engagement. Journal of occupational and organizational psychology, 87(1), 138-157. Cho, C. H., Michelon, G., Patten, D. M., Roberts, R. W. (2015). CSR disclosure: the more things change?. Accounting, Auditing Accountability Journal, 28(1), 14-35. Collings, D. G. (2014). Integrating global mobility and global talent management: Exploring the challenges and strategic opportunities. Journal of World Business, 49(2), 253-261 Cook, M. (2016). Personnel Selection: Adding Value Through People-a Changing Picture. John Wiley Sons. Hoque, K. (2013). Human resource management in the hotel industry: Strategy, innovation and performance. Routledge. Saks, A. M., Gruman, J. A. (2014). What do we really know about employee engagement?. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 25(2), 155-182. Sderberg, A. M., Krishna, S., Bjrn, P. (2013). Global software development: commitment, trust and cultural sensitivity in strategic partnerships. Journal of International Management, 19(4), 347-361. Sparrow, P., Brewster, C., Chung, C. (2016). Globalizing human resource management. Routledge. Stone, D. L., Deadrick, D. L. (2015). Challenges and opportunities affecting the future of human resource management. Human Resource Management Review, 25(2), 139-145 Stone, R. J., (2013). Managing Human Resources. 4th Edition. Wiley Publication. Thijssens, T., Bollen, L., Hassink, H. (2015). Secondary stakeholder influence on CSR disclosure: An application of stakeholder salience theory. Journal of Business Ethics, 132(4), 873-891. Yoo, T., (2017). Uber Australia is settling unfair dismissal cases, despite insisting drivers are not employees. Viewed on 27 September, 2017 from https://www.businessinsider.com.au/uber-australia-is-settling-unfair-dismissal-cases-despite-insisting-drivers-are-not-employees-2017-6#jPewXpUjXzD5yDG3.9

Eveline James Joyce (Short Personal Response) Essay Example

Eveline James Joyce (Short Personal Response) Essay â€Å"Eveline†, is a story about a 19 year old girl who diligently reflects on the life she has had residing in the same town (in Dublin) with her siblings, everyone she knows, and her abusive father whom she labours excessively for to support. This is the same town her mother died in that she now anticipates leaving for Buenos Ayres, with her fiance Frank. The story of Eveline, by James Joyce, handles many interconnected themes such as attachments, escape and identity, which employs great attention to a specific situation that is relatable to almost everyone: the time to leave home. Though Eveline’s acting outlets resemble those prominent to my own, what interests me the most about her story is her overbearing dilemma to either leave a hard, yet full and interesting life, for an easy and safe, though mundane one. The reason this grabs my attention is because, I’ve often pondered about why it would be so hard for me to leave my own strenuous and distressing home, and my exasperating mother that has caused me so many detriments. This curiosity has led me to believe that the harder one has had to work at home to make things work, regardless of the results, the more interesting their history becomes and the stronger their attachment to that life becomes. For anyone that has been in such a situation, it becomes clear frequently, how big of a part this life is to you and that through the struggles you have learned everything that you now know, and this life is the only one you do know. We will write a custom essay sample on Eveline James Joyce (Short Personal Response) specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Eveline James Joyce (Short Personal Response) specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Eveline James Joyce (Short Personal Response) specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Something less than ‘this life’ may leave someone, such as Eveline, feeling useless and lost, possibly causing them to spin out of control searching for meaning and value in a new life that seems too simple. The reader sees this progression for Eveline as the story starts with her rested against the window where she goes to reflect not only on her self, but the relationship to the place which she sits whilst the evening rolls in. James Joyce wonderfully illustrates that, â€Å"the evening invade[d] the avenue† at the beginning of the story, while she leaned against the window. This was my favourite line of the story though, I did not catch the second meaning of it until after I had read it a few more times. First, it is clear that, with evening coming, this represents for Eveline, that she is running out of time at home (not in a pleasant and welcomes way either, â€Å"invade† is a pretty harsh word); though it is latent to her until the end of the story that, she does have a choice to stay home. At this point her decision is so straight forward that, to even question not leaving with her fiance Frank would be absurd. Second, Joyce cleverly uses the term â€Å"avenue,† not only to describe the roads of the town which is being covered with the turning of day, but also because it represents the clouding or loss of an outlet or rather, an escape. Eveline sits at the window reminiscing the days that weren’t so bad, when her father â€Å"was not so bad† either. This was a time prior, to when her mother died and before the man from Belfast bought the field which the neighbour kids used to play in and turned the old little brown houses in to bright brick and red houses. In other words, the look of her home did change, some people left town, some people died, but the memories did not die and their meaning did not dissipate. This is important because it foreshadows the reluctance Eveline has to leave her home after having the epiphany that, even if she did run away to a new setting, she would not change who either she or her father were. This realization that Eveline has is not one that everyone does when leaving home (or a place of equal meaning), but even those who do, don’t always make the choice to stay as she did. Some readers may be confused when trying to understand why she did not take the obvious route and leave her father and tiring jobs behind to be with a loving, safe, and wonderful guy as Frank appeared to be. I personally do not question it, I embrace it. The conclusion I drew from reading Eveline made me feel more secure about my own reluctance to leave home and the avenues which I extensively burdened with my attempts of escape and survival. My first was a relationship that was so perfect in its own harmony that I depended on it too strongly to the point that I only saw it as my escape, instead of a separate entity of pleasure, love, and divinity. The second, like Eveline was faith, which is somewhat ironic considering I abandoned religion so effortlessly at such a young age. This turn was not because of a new belief in God, it was for the mysticism and miracles it provided for believers. Unfortunately, my abandonment of religion was so easy because it never made sense to me and it was never my own thought. So my ‘turn back’ was rather unsuccessful when it came to making miracles out of heartache but, it did provide me with new insight on the meaning of faith and spirituality that brings me a sense of peace. Though it may only be alluded to in my eyes, what I see at the end of this story is a woman, Eveline, who realizes that she is so much more than just a runner. After all she has been through it would just be too easy to get up and leave with Frank. It seems as if she believes she does not deserve the luxury of leaving while simultaneously feeling that she is beyond an escape.

By 1914 Imperial Germany Was In A free essay sample

? By 1914 Imperial Germany Was In A State Of Crisis.To What Extent Do You Agree With This Statement? Essay, Research Paper Introduction: # 8211 ; On the Eve of WWI, what kind of province was Germany in? # 8211 ; Emerging force per unit area from the SPD, increased influence? largest party in Reichstag. Stability of imperium threatened # 8211 ; Government had fiscal jobs? non plenty income. ? Increased naval outgo worsened job. # 8211 ; No powerful leading? sequence of PM? s after Bismarck non successful, each sacked after short period. ? Peoples dissatisfied and socialist support grew. # 8211 ; Problems were so deep-seated? right flying conservativists 2 solutions? either a putsch by the Kaiser or a winning war. ? Middle portion: # 8211 ; After Kaiser William accepted Bismarck? s surrender in 1890, Germany lost its great leader, Kaiser tried to replace him with a series of PM? s each had his ain solution to Germany? s jobs. # 8211 ; Problems # 8211 ; What were Germany? s longstanding jobs? # 8211 ; Under Bismarck? socialism, Catholicism, military enlargement, duties and authorities support. We will write a custom essay sample on By 1914 Imperial Germany Was In A or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page # 8211 ; No new jobs in Germany? 1890-1914 see a deterioration of bing jobs already evident under Bismarck. # 8211 ; Socialism? Bismarck had failed in his traffics with the addition of socialism within Germany, all of his policies had failed and his predecessors encountered similar jobs. # 8211 ; Caprivi? Pursued progressive socialist statute law to lessening socialist influence in the Reichstag? reduced duties on goods coming into state? reduced cost of life? socialist support continued to increase. ? Caprivi dismissed over failure to convey in fresh anti-socialist statute law. # 8211 ; Caprivi was every bit unsuccessful in covering with the socialist job and Bismarck had been. Both saw socialism as a menace and a radical force, possible solution? Integration into govt. at this point. ? Conservative monarchy reluctant to give up power. ( ? Compromise? is stronger than the revolution strategy? Eduard Bernstein SPD leader 1899. ) demoing willingness of less utmost socialists to via media. # 8211 ; Hohenlohe? tried to win support of in-between categories and suppress? radical socialist menace? . Navy plan? hoped to diminish influence of socialism by non-violent agencies? would supply secure occupations for many socialist workers, therefore build govt. support? Hohenlohe excessively cautious and sacked in 1900. # 8211 ; Bernard von B # 220 ; low? popular with conservativists as reintroduced higher duties? farther increased socialist forces as monetary value of life rose. ? Sacked over failure to back up Kaiser on remarks made to the British imperativeness. # 8211 ; Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg? small to battle turning socialism? 1912 largest party in the Reichstag? stableness of imperium threatened. # 8211 ; The accretion of the socialist job was of import to province of imperium in 1914. ? By 1914 socialism had grown into as powerful force that threatened the authorization of the Kaiser, a solution must be found. ? This was the position held by the conservativists, the Kaiser and his advisors. ? However, socialism by no means a united force? disagreement e.g. # 8211 ; Extremists? revolution ( ? I want to stay the deathly enemy of the businessperson society and? to extinguish in wholly! ? August Bebel SPD leader 1903. ) # 8211 ; Revisionists? legitimate inclusion into govt. ( ? via media? is stronger than the revolution strategy? Eduard Bernstein SPD leader 1899. ) # 8211 ; Disagreements meant Kaiser overestimated ability of socialists to flog up support. # 8211 ; Was this state of affairs critical? Probably non? had the conservativists given limited power to the SPD likeliness is job would hold disappeared? advice to Kaiser ( ? either a putsch by the Kaiser or a winning war. ? ) excessively drastic. # 8211 ; Other jobs: # 8211 ; Government support? true support had been scarce even in Bismarck? s epoch, hence duty Torahs? state of affairs worsened by naval disbursement under Hohenlohe, B # 220 ; low, and Bethmann-Hollweg and loss of tariff income under Caprivi and Hohenlohe. ? Policies were executable provided direct revenue enhancement was introduced. ? ? # 8211 ; Solution was direct revenue enhancement? job realised but non solved between 1890-1914. ? Added to crisis! # 8211 ; Naval disbursement? policy introduced purportedly to? excite trade and industry? push stock market monetary values up, salvage many assets and convey about a consolidation of the economy. ? ( Prince Otto zu Salm, President of the navy conference, 1901 ) The existent motivations are questionable? the edifice of the naval forces achieved small except an addition in govt. expenditure. ? Motivation possibly a multiplicity of involvements? ? It would be really interesting to larn the connexions which exist between the fleet fiends and the makers of the fleet. Decision: # 8211 ; The province of crisis was induced by the deficiency of ability among those in charge of the state to do of import hard determinations. # 8211 ; Problems were: # 8211 ; Kaiser purpose to keeping onto power, unwilling to give any up # 8211 ; Overestimate of SPD strength. # 8211 ; World that conservatives still held control and chair reform could hold sorted the jobs. # 8211 ; Govt. support could hold been increased by direct revenue enhancement or debt avoided by non cut downing duties or cut downing naval disbursement. # 8211 ; The govt. wasted money on naval job? filled ain pockets # 8211 ; So to what extent was Germany in a province of crisis by 1914, surely a crisis did be, nevertheless, merely to the extent that something needed to be done? the conservative position that merely a putsch or a successful war could hold averted the crisis is baseless. # 8211 ; Had the govt. introduced direct revenue enhancement, reduced naval disbursement, and given the SPD a greater say in the govt. of the state by dialogue, WWI, which finally resulted from this crisis, may hold been averted.

3 Most Common Reasons Women Have an Abortion

3 Most Common Reasons Women Have an Abortion For some, its an inconceivable act, but for others, abortion seems to be the only way out of an unplanned pregnancy and an impossible-to-negotiate future. Numbers show that nearly one in four U.S. women will choose to have an abortion before age 45. According to the Guttmacher Institute, a handful of studies over the years have indicated consistently similar answers from women who identify why theyve chosen to have an abortion. The top three reasons these women cite for not being able to continue their pregnancies and give birth are: Negative impact on the mothers lifeFinancial instabilityRelationship problems/unwillingness to be a single mother What is the rationale behind these reasons that would lead a woman to terminate a pregnancy? What are the challenges and situations women face that make giving birth and raising a newborn an impossible task?   Negative Impact on the Mothers Life Taken at face value, this reason may sound selfish. But a pregnancy that occurs in the wrong place at the wrong time can have a lifelong impact on a womans ability to raise a family and earn a living. Less than half of teens who become teen mothers before age 18 graduate from high school. College students who become pregnant and give birth are also much less likely to complete their education than their peers. Employed single women who become pregnant face an interruption of their jobs and careers. This impacts their earning ability and may make them unable to raise a child on their own. For women who already have other children at home or are caring for aging relatives, the reduction in income resulting from pregnancy and subsequent birth may bring them below the poverty level and require them to seek public assistance. Financial Instability Whether shes a student in high school, paying her way through college, or a single woman earning just enough to live independently, many expectant mothers lack the resources to cover the staggeringly high costs associated with pregnancy, birth, and childrearing, especially if they do not have health insurance. Saving for a baby is one thing, but an unplanned pregnancy places an enormous financial burden on a woman who cannot afford to care for an infant, let alone pay for the necessary OB/GYN visits that will ensure healthy fetal development. Lack of adequate medical care during pregnancy places the newborn at a higher risk for complications during birth and in early infancy. The cost of average hospital birth is approximate $8,000 and prenatal care provided by a physician can cost between $1,500 and $3,000. For the nearly 50 million Americans who do not have insurance, this would mean an out-of-pocket expense of $10,000. Thats if things go well and if its a single, healthy birth. Problems from pre-eclampsia to  premature birth  can send costs spiraling. If those births are included in the average, a birth can cost well over $50,000. According to a 2013 study published by advocacy group Childbirth Connection and reported in  The Guardian, the U.S. is the most expensive place in the world to have a birth.   That figure, coupled with the cost of raising a child from infancy through age 17 (estimated at over $200,000 per child), makes giving birth a terrifying proposition for someone who is still in school, or lacks a steady income, or simply does not have the financial resources to continue a pregnancy with adequate medical care and give birth to a healthy baby. Fear of Being a Single Mother The majority of women with unplanned pregnancies do not live with their partners or have committed relationships. These women realize that in all likelihood they will be raising their child as a single mother. Many are unwilling to take this big step due to the reasons described above: interruption of education or career, insufficient financial resources, or inability to care for an infant due to caregiving needs of other children or family members. Even in situations involving women cohabitating with their partners, the outlook for unmarried women as single mothers in discouraging. Among women in their 20s living with their partners at the time of birth, one-third ended their relationships within two years. Other Most Common Reasons for Abortion Although these are not the primary reasons women choose abortion, the following statements reflect concerns that play a role in influencing women to terminate their pregnancies: I dont want more children or Im done with childrearing.Im not ready to become a mother or not ready for another child.I dont want others to know about my pregnancy or that Im having sex.My husband/partner wants me to have an abortion.There are problems with the health of the fetus.There are problems with my own health.My parents want me to have an abortion. Combined with those reasons previously cited, these secondary concerns often convince women that abortion - albeit a difficult and painful choice - is the best decision for them at this time in their lives. Reasons for Abortion, the Statistics In a study released by the Guttmacher Institute in 2005, women were asked to provide reasons why they chose to have an abortion. Multiple responses were permissible. Of those who gave at least one reason: 89 percent gave at least two72 percent gave at least three Nearly three-quarters said they could not afford to have a baby. Of those women who gave two or more answers, the most common response - inability to afford a baby - was most frequently followed by one of three other reasons: pregnancy/birth/baby would interfere with school or employment.reluctant to be a single mother or experiencing relationship problems.done with childbearing or already have other children/dependents. Women specified these reasons that led to their abortion decision  (percentage total will not add up to 100, as multiple answers were permissible): 74 percent felt having a baby would dramatically change my life (which includes interrupting education, interfering with job and career, and/or concern over other children or dependents).73 percent felt they cant afford a baby now (due to various reasons such as being unmarried, being a student, inability to afford childcare or basic needs of life, etc.).48 percent dont want to be a single mother or [were] having relationship problem[s].38 percent have completed [their] childbearing.32 percent were not ready for a(nother) child.25 percent dont want people to know I had sex or got pregnant.22 percent dont feel mature enough to raise a(nother) child.14 percent felt their husband or partner wants me to have an abortion.13 percent said there were possible problems affecting the health of the fetus.12 percent said there were physical problems with my health.6 percent felt their parents want me to have an abortion.1 percent said they were a victim of rape.0.5 percent became pregnant as a r esult of incest. Sources Finer, Lawrence B. Reasons U.S. Women Have Abortions: Quantitative and Qualitative Perspectives., Lori F. Frohwirth, Lindsay A. Dauphinee, et al., Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 37(3):110–118, The Guttmacher Institute, 2005. Glenza, Jessica. Why does it cost $32,093 just to give birth in America? The Guardian, January 16, 2018. Jones, Rachel K. Population Group Abortion Rates and Lifetime Incidence of Abortion: United States, 2008–2014. Jenna Jerman, The Guttmacher Institute, October 19, 2017. Wind, Rebecca. Why Do Women Have Abortions? The Guttmacher Institute, September 6, 2005.

Musical Compositions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Musical Compositions - Essay Example This is what will be dissertated in the following. Eric Serra, who composed The Diva Dance, which was used in the movie The Fifth Element as much of the film's overall score, and it shows a significant influence of Middle Eastern music, particularly Ra. The Diva Dance opera performance featured music from Gaetano Donizetti's Lucia di Lammermoor Part Two, Act Two, N. 14 Scena ed aria, 'O giusto cielo!' "and was voiced by Inva Mula-Tchako, while the role of Plavalaguna is humanoid alien, her vocalizations seem beyond physical possibility; however, in a documentary feature on the Special Edition DVD release, it is stated that Mula-Tchako's voice was not digitally altered. Canadian vocalist Marie-ve Munger performed the complete Diva Dance before a live audience, and her performance was later aired on Quebec television as part of a promotion for a televised boxing event" (Wikipedia, 2007). One of the most major and significant similarities between the two musical compositions is that of their background and influences; they both have a very noticeable opera tone to them, which makes sense as since the 1980s operatic excerpts have been employed increasingly and prominently in blockbuster films, and "in some films, opera excerpts are used as signifiers of the properties commonly associated with opera - love, exoticism, high